Summary 5.2
A. Sugars
1. carbohydrates: organic coumpound made from sugar molecules.
2. contains elememts: carbon, hydrogen. oxygen in ratio of 1 carbon: 2 hydrogen: 1. oxygen.
*Formula: CH2O
3. at core of most sugar molecules in nature are carbon skeletons that has a ring shape.
B. Monosaccharides.
monosaccharides are simple sugar that contains just one sugar unit.
Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose.
1. Glucose exists in both straight chained and ring shaped form.
2. Sugar moleclues, glucose, are the main supply for the cellurar work.
3. Cells break glucose down and extract their stored energy.
4. Cells also use carbon skeletons of monosaccharides as raw material for manufactoring other kinds of organic molecules.
5. glucose molecules that is not used by cells are usually transported into larger carbohydrates or used to make fat molecules.
C. Disaccharides
disccharides are "doubled sugar" from two monosaccharides
Surcose: example of disaccharide. It linked glucose and fructose.
1. Surcose is a bog carbohydrate in plant sap. It nourishes all the part of the plant.
D. Polysaccharides
polysaccharides are long polymer chains made up of simple sugar monpmers. They are also known as complex carbohydrates.
1. Starch is a kind of polysaccharide found in plant cells that contains glucose monomers.
2. Plant cells and animal cells need sugar for energy to perform work.
3. potatoes, rice, and corns are all examples of foods rich in starch.
4. For animals, it is not starch but glycogen. They are more highly branched than starch. You can find them in liver and muscle cells.
* Cellulose serves as a building materials. It protects and stiffen cells. Cellulose from cells are known as fibers. Cellulose helps your digestive system stay healthy but does not provide nutrients.
A. Sugars
1. carbohydrates: organic coumpound made from sugar molecules.
2. contains elememts: carbon, hydrogen. oxygen in ratio of 1 carbon: 2 hydrogen: 1. oxygen.
*Formula: CH2O
3. at core of most sugar molecules in nature are carbon skeletons that has a ring shape.
B. Monosaccharides.
monosaccharides are simple sugar that contains just one sugar unit.
Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose.
1. Glucose exists in both straight chained and ring shaped form.
2. Sugar moleclues, glucose, are the main supply for the cellurar work.
3. Cells break glucose down and extract their stored energy.
4. Cells also use carbon skeletons of monosaccharides as raw material for manufactoring other kinds of organic molecules.
5. glucose molecules that is not used by cells are usually transported into larger carbohydrates or used to make fat molecules.
C. Disaccharides
disccharides are "doubled sugar" from two monosaccharides
Surcose: example of disaccharide. It linked glucose and fructose.
1. Surcose is a bog carbohydrate in plant sap. It nourishes all the part of the plant.
D. Polysaccharides
polysaccharides are long polymer chains made up of simple sugar monpmers. They are also known as complex carbohydrates.
1. Starch is a kind of polysaccharide found in plant cells that contains glucose monomers.
2. Plant cells and animal cells need sugar for energy to perform work.
3. potatoes, rice, and corns are all examples of foods rich in starch.
4. For animals, it is not starch but glycogen. They are more highly branched than starch. You can find them in liver and muscle cells.
* Cellulose serves as a building materials. It protects and stiffen cells. Cellulose from cells are known as fibers. Cellulose helps your digestive system stay healthy but does not provide nutrients.
concept check
1. Explain the difference between a monosaccharide and a disccharide. Give an example of each.
-the monosaccharide only contains one sugar unit while disaccharide contains two. Glucose is a monosaccharide and surcose is disaccharide.
2.Compare and conrast starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
-starch,glycogen, and cellulose all makes the body strong and consist glucose. The difference is that glycogen is more highly branched than starch and cellulose serves as building materials.
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